Linkback

A linkback is a method for Web authors to obtain notifications when other authors link to one of their documents. This enables authors to keep track of who is linking to, or referring to their articles. The three methods (Refback, Trackback, and Pingback) differ in how they accomplish this task.

Any of the four terms -- Linkback, Trackback, Pingback, or (rarely) Refback -- might also refer colloquially to items within a section upon the linked page that display the received notifications, usually along with a reciprocal link; Trackback is used most often for this purpose. Also, the word Trackback is often used colloquially to mean any kind of Linkback.

Linkback is also the name of an OLE-like open source framework for Mac OS X.

	Refback	Trackback	Pingback
Trigger mechanism	Visitor to linking site clicks on the link, and his browser takes him to the linked site	Code on linking server examines added or updated documents, extracts links, and sends notification to linked server for each link found	Code on linking server examines added or updated documents, extracts links, and sends notification to linked server for each link found
Notification medium	HTTP referer value	HTTP POST	XML-RPC call
Capture mechanism	Examination of incoming HTTP referer values	Trackback capture script	XML-RPC function
Information sent by linking server	None	Linking site name (Optional) Linking post title (Optional) Linking post excerpt (Optional) Linking post URL	Linked post URL Linking post URL
Additional information presented to linked server	HTTP referer sent by a visitor's browser upon clicking the link	IP address of linking server	IP address of linking server
Autodiscovery mechanism (how the linking server finds out how and where to send the notification)	None	Specially-formatted information within the body of the linked page	Special HTTP header or LINK tag on the linked page
Action required when notification is received	Extract referrer value from incoming HTTP headers Retrieve referring page Parse retrieved page for desired information	Gather desired information from Given parameters or retrieving and parsing the given URL	Retrieve page at "linking post URL" Parse retrieved page for desired information
Advantages	Requires no special code on linking server (the link itself becomes the notification when someone clicks on it)	All the information desired by the linked server (Linking site name, post title, excerpt) is present in the notification itself	Notification mechanism has a complete technical specification Less susceptible to spamming
Disadvantages	No notification unless someone actually clicks on the link Relies upon visitors' browsers sending proper HTTP referer information Linked site must retrieve and parse linking site's page to extract the information it wants	Notification requires positive action by linking server Notification mechanism has only a partial technical specification Autodiscovery information may prevent XHTML validation	Notification requires positive action by linking server Linked site must retrieve and parse linking site's page to extract the information it wants

See also

• Backlink
• Search engine optimization

External links

• Pingback specification
• TrackBack specification
• TrackBack Working Group
• WordPress Tutorial: Using TrackBack and Pingback
• Trackback Validator Plugin for WordPress: TrackBack spam blocker
• TrackBack in blogger
• Multiple Blog Services Pinger
• TrackBackr JS TrackBack system with integrated spam blocker